According to emperor ferdinand ii and his allies, the initial goal of the. Thirty years war 161848, in european history, a series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries. Like the original thirty years war, which was in fact a series of separate but interconnected struggles, recent conflict in the middle east has included fighting in israel, the occupied territories and lebanon, the long and bloody iraniraq war, the two gulf wars, and now civil wars in iraq and syria. This amount to three times europes death rate during world war ii. There in 1618 the protestant nobility refused to recognize. Many dramatic incidents unfolded over the course of those fateful decades, but these. It started as a conflict between protestants and roman catholics but soon became a struggle for political power. Choose from 500 different sets of thirty years war flashcards on quizlet. The war originated with dual crises at the continents centre. In fact, almost all of the powerful countries in europe were involved in the war. The thirty years war was a european continental war that took place from 16181648 thirty years. It was a military conflict that took place between 1630 and 1635, during the course of the thirty years war. Background of thirty years war by lester willialms on prezi.
Thirty years war definition of thirty years war by the. Jews were hounded and killed and generally forced to flee the lands of the holly roman empire. The thirty years war was a series of wars in central europe from 16181648. Books on the thirty years war 1618 1648 score a book s total score is based on multiple factors, including the number of people who have voted for it and how highly those voters ranked the book. Osprey has several books that cover specific armies. In the hangmans daughter 2008 by oliver potzsch, the protagonist, hangman jakob kuisl, and other prominent characters have served in a general tillys army and participated in the sacking of the city of magdeburg during the thirty years war.
A books total score is based on multiple factors, including the number of people who have voted for it and how highly those voters ranked the book. Might i add the following works which i thoroughly recommend geoffrey parker the thirty years war geoffrey parker europe in crisis 16181648 geoffrey parker the army of flanders and the spanish road. It remains one of the longest and most brutal wars in human history, with more than 8 million. Ferdinand ii was a devout roman catholic and much less tolerant than his predecessor, rudolf ii, who ruled from the largely protestant. What began as a local, religious conflict became more and more continental and political with each expanding phase of the war. The origins of the thirty years war can be traces back to the the religious hostilities caused by the formation of the holy roman empire and the rivalries that existed among the european rulers around the 17th century. Thirty years war 161848, in european history, a series of wars fought by. There is a tremendous amount of material available for the english civil war and the style of dress is similar. Whole swaths of central europe were depopulated, abandoned to wild pigs. The thirty years war is one of the great pivotal occurrences for the social and political makeup of europe and especially the socalled germanspeaking lands. However, the thirty years war was to devastate parts of europe.
The hegemonic power of the hapsburg empire in europe was forever broken by the financial and human toll of the war. The thirty years war was a war fought primarily in central europe between 1618 and 1648. France and the united provinces the house of habsburg spain and austria phillip iii of spain attempted to continue the foreign policy aspirations of his father, phillip ii, which essentially meant that spain had to be. History of europe history of europe the thirty years war. Thirty years war synonyms, thirty years war pronunciation, thirty years war translation, english dictionary definition of thirty years war. Researchers catalogue the grisly deaths of soldiers in the. The great war and swedish incursion into northcentral germany are frequently referenced. The region was a mixture of calvinists, lutherans, catholics and anabaptists. The causes of the thirty years war in western europe. The thirty years war was a series of conflicts that began early in the 17th century in the holy roman empire and finally involved much of europe. Cicely veronica wedgwoods history is considered a classic englishlanguage history of the war, and with good reason. Best books on the thirty years war five books expert.
After being initially started by difference in religion it developed into a fight for power thirty years war vs english civil war fun facts religious. Even the catholic reviser x has not ventured to delete this sentence. Before i618, the spanish habsburgs were the central power in a europe where religious differences were crucial. There are three main parts the book is divided into. The thirty years war as a european media event ego. Though it was primarily centered in germany, several other countries became involved in the conflict, including france, spain, and sweden. Its effects, both immediate and indirect, were either negative or disastrous. Most of the fighting took place in germany and it suffered the most awful effects of the war. Its a fascinating book on the thirty years war because of its length. It reduced the population of central europe by around a quarter and left thousands of towns and villages in ruins. In it she first learned to recognize herself as a community of nations. The war was unmatched in its duration and intensityconflicts like the hundred years war actually contained long periods of peace, but the thirty years war saw fighting continue for three straight decades, making it europes longest continuous conflict. Mccabe, rationalists encyclopaedia thirty years war, the.
Its destructive campaigns and battles occurred over most of europe, and, when it ended with the treaty of westphalia in 1648, the map of europe had been irrevocably changed. Thirty years war, 161848, in european history, a series of wars fought by various nations for various reasons, including religious, dynastic, territorial, and commercial rivalries. A number of europes leading powers were involved in the thirty years war 16181648, including france, denmark, sweden, and spain. Thirty years war students britannica kids homework help. Bohemia had been an area known to be religiously tolerant. Hello and welcome to feature history, featuring religious conflict, tragic war, and a really nifty collaboration with jabzy. The thirty years war 16181648 became a media phenomenon. The thirty years war was a series of wars in central europe lasting from 1618 to 1648, hence the thirty, but there were times when there was no warfare of importance in europe. This is the second book ive read recently about the thirty years war, both of which have the same informative, if unimaginative, title of the thirty years war.
Everyday low prices and free delivery on eligible orders. What are the best history books for the 30 years war. Wedgewoods book is the only comphrensive study of the thirty years war, as it was actually a series of wars with the reformation in the background along with the convoluted politics of 15th century europe. So, the war started when a protestant revolt came through the. The diary is missing the beginning and its missing the end. Armies so covered are given limited treatment in this article. It started as a conflict between protestant and catholic states following the fragmenting of the holy roman empire, but it turned into a more general conflict involving most of the great powers of europe, becoming a war for european political preeminence the thirty years war caused the destruction of entire regions. The essential thirty years war and millions of other books are available for amazon kindle. About twothirds of the population was protestant and just 10% were catholic.
Morally subversive, economically destructive, socially degrading, confused in its causes, devious in its course, futile in its result, it is the outstanding example in. A series of wars in central europe beginning in 1618 that stemmed from conflict between protestants and catholics and political struggles between the. The origins of the thirty years war among the major wars of modern european history, the thirty years war stands out not only for its duration but also for its striking impact on the international system in which it took place. How did the thirty years war affect europes jewish. With emperor ferdinand iis ascension to head of state of the holy roman empire in 1619, religious conflict. Thirty years war simple english wikipedia, the free. Yet out of this fearful war europe came forth free and independent. Annals of medicine about the latest news on conquering cancer, and the long history of announcements that a cureor at least an understanding of the diseasewas. Until recently i just knew a few random facts the king of sweden killed in battle in the middle of germany, the complete and utter devastation suffered in the heart of europe, and the importance of avoiding windows in prague. The swedish invasion of the holy roman empire, or the swedish intervention in the thirty years war is a historically accepted division of the thirty years war. Actually, the 30 years war signalled an end to two centuries of persecution and expulsion of jewsvfrom the 14th century. Almost four centuries on, the thirty years war teaches us how protracted conflict can bring about famine and spell disaster for civilians. Bohemia was to play a pivotal role in the outbreak of the thirty years war. It was rediscovered in a library in berlin in the early 1990s.
In what ways are the wars of religion really expression of civil war within the holy roman empire. The thirty years war was not taught as a subject when i studied history at school in the uk a great many years ago. The thirty years war was fought from 1618 until 1648. A war, or connected series of wars, from 1618 to 1648, which all historians admit to have been in very large part religious most authorities say primarily or mainly religious and to have been one of the most savage and destructive in history. Learn thirty years war with free interactive flashcards. It continues to provide a narrative and analytical account of the war. This revised edition of geoffrey parkers text incorporates recent research whilst retaining the range and depth of coverage of the first edition. The secret history of americas thirtyyear conflict with iran, by david crist penguin, 656 pp. The last book on your list is the diary of a mercenary from the thirty years war by peter hagendorf. Thirty years war vs english civil war by benjamin rombach. The first book in the extensive literature on german history writing to examine how modern german historians reinterpreted a specific event to define national identity and legitimate political and ideological agendas, the thirty years war and german memory in the nineteenth century is a bold intellectual history of the confluence of history.
The thirty years war was a 17thcentury religious conflict fought primarily in central europe. If youve never heard of the bloody conflict, its also your best introduction, with. Even so, the thirty years war is the most readable and uptodate history of this epochal european trauma. The thirty years war 161848 was the most destructive european conflict prior to the twentieth century. Swedish intervention in the thirty years war wikipedia. Why is it difficult to pinpoint the end of the protestant reformation. More than three and a half centuries have passed s. The swedish force only entered the thirty years war 12 years after it began to side with the protestants.